Table 1 The true values and mean estimates of population dynamic parameters with 100 replications as well as the corresponding bias, RMSE

logc

logδ

logϕ

${\mathit{d}}_{\mathit{c}}^{\mathbf{2}}$

${\mathit{d}}_{\mathit{\delta }}^{\mathbf{2}}$

${\mathit{d}}_{\mathit{\varphi }}^{\mathbf{2}}$

σ ²