Fig. 8

2D plots for CO₂ Emission, data − blue, n=123, (a) Regular Q_R (in dash) and direct Q_D (in solid) of the CO₂ emission vs ln(GDP) when the country’s E.C. is 2980.96 kilowatts at τ=0.97 (green) and 0.99 (red). (b) Regular Q_R (in dash) and direct Q_D (in solid) of the CO₂ emission vs ln(E.C.) when the country’s GDP is $13,359.73 at τ=0.97 (green) and 0.99 (red)